Department of Home Affairs has extended the validity of the Zimbabwean Exemption Permit (ZEP) until 28 May, 2027.
The SA government introduced the ZEP before 2009 to manage the influx of Zimbabwean migrants. Authorities have repeatedly extended its validity to prevent deportations and allow beneficiaries to work legally in South Africa.
Minister announces new ZEP directive
Home Affairs Minister Leon Amos Schreiber announced the extension in a public notice, Minister’s Immigration Directive No. 21 of 2025, released this week.
“I have decided to extend the validity of the Zimbabwean Exemption Permits (“ZEP”) until 28 May 2027,” read Schreiber’s directive.
“I directed that existing ZEPs shall be deemed to remain valid for an additional 18 months after the current expiry date of 28 November 2025.”
High Court ruling and ZEP background
Another extension in November last year set the expiration date for November 28.
This came months after the South African High Court ruled that the government’s decision to terminate the ZEP was illegal.
A 2022 census recorded one million Zimbabweans living in South Africa, but estimates suggest the number could reach five million when including those who entered the country illegally.
At the time, the one million accounted for 45% of South Africa’s total immigrant population.
Driven by economic hardship and political instability, Zimbabweans have for decades crossed easily into South Africa despite increasing hostility toward migrants.
Since the hyperinflation crisis of the 2000s, thousands have used illegal routes along the Limpopo River to reach their southern neighbour in search of better opportunities.
Immigration Advisory Board weighs future
Schrieber said the Immigration Advisory Board, appointed in April 2025, has been discussing long-term solutions for ZEP holders.
The board is yet to establish a permanent framework to address ZEP holders status.
Added Schreiber: “The IAB has met on several occasions and deliberated amongst themselves on the immediate future and a long-term solution for holders of ZEP permits.
“Critical stakeholders will need to be part of a consultation process.”
South Africa has developed a reputation for being unfriendly toward foreigners. In Johannesburg, a campaign targeting migrants without permits now dominates the city’s industrial hub.
